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Dave Iben: The World Is on Sale While America Trades at a Premium | #652

The Meb Faber Show - Better Investing37m 21s

David Iben, co-chief investing officer at Copernic Global Investors, discusses his value investing philosophy focused on finding undervalued assets globally, particularly in commodities, emerging markets, and underappreciated sectors. He argues the U.S. market is at historically expensive valuations similar to 1972, while opportunities exist in overlooked international markets like South Korea, Brazil, and Kazakhstan where quality companies trade at significant discounts.

Summary

David Iben brings nearly 45 years of investing experience and has visited 108 countries in pursuit of value opportunities. He emphasizes that since his birth, money supply has increased 111 times while debt has grown 135 times, causing the dollar to lose over 99% of its value. This fundamental debasement means that scarce, non-printable assets like gold, copper, platinum, and uranium should appreciate over time, yet investors dramatically underallocate to these commodities—often holding less than 10% combined in energy and commodities.

Iben identifies a critical market inefficiency: commodities are analyzed using discounted cash flow models that assume the commodity itself drops in price annually while being fixed to the dollar, which is the opposite of how all other industries are valued. This creates opportunities in natural resource companies, particularly when markets misprice short-term production delays against decades of proven reserves.

The U.S. market represents approximately two-thirds of the global index while representing one-fifth of the global economy, suggesting significant overvaluation. Iben compares current conditions to 1972—a period of extreme valuations, inflation uptick, fiscal irresponsibility, and a handful of expensive stocks dominating the market. He emphasizes that great businesses (like the internet, semiconductors, railroads) create bubbles precisely because they're real, and investors confuse exciting businesses with good investments.

Iben discusses international opportunities with specific examples: South Korea trades at book value discounts (buying Hyundai and LG at two-thirds the price of equivalent U.S. companies), Kazakhstan's Halyk Bank offers dominant market share with sound management in an undercapitalized lending market, and Brazil's stock market trades at extreme discounts despite the country possessing world-class farmland, oil reserves, and minerals. He notes that after two months in Brazil, he encountered zero people bullish on the stock market—a contrarian indicator.

His portfolio construction methodology involves appraising businesses, risk-adjusting for country, debt, and management, then sizing positions based on risk-reward asymmetry rather than conviction alone. As positions appreciate toward fair value, he trims them; as they fall below fair value, he adds to them, maintaining continuously rebalanced positions rather than buy-and-hold.

On AI and technological disruption, Iben argues that while AI is genuinely transformative, valuations reflect assumptions of permanent hypergrowth that are unrealistic. He maintains that human judgment—particularly second and third-level thinking—remains essential and cannot be outsourced to AI, which executes analysis but cannot think.

About this episode

In today's episode, Dave draws on 45 years and over 100 countries to argue why scarcity still matters in a world obsessed with infinite money and AI. He makes the case that the world trades at a discount while America sits at record valuations.  To close, Dave explains why undervalued commodities eventually catch up with inflation. (0:00) Starts (5:13) Dave Iben on investing in scarce assets (9:24) Accessing farmland and global agricultural assets through public markets (11:34) Finding value in emerging markets, with a focus on South Korea (18:18) Portfolio management, valuation risk in S&P 500 and AI stocks (24:36) Historical parallels, underweighting the index, and finding stock ideas in unique countries (28:33) Investing in China, India, nuclear power, and other overlooked Asian markets (31:27) Brazil, Argentina, scarcity, local sentiment, and the role of AI and human judgment ----- Sponsor: ⁠Upwork⁠⁠⁠ is the world's largest human and AI-powered freelance marketplace to hire top talent—trusted by businesses and professionals worldwide. ----- Follow Meb on⁠ X⁠,⁠ LinkedIn⁠ and⁠ YouTube For detailed show notes, click here To learn more about our funds and follow us, subscribe to our mailing list or visit us at cambriainvestments.com ----- Follow The Idea Farm: X | LinkedIn | Instagram | TikTok ----- Interested in sponsoring the show? Email us at [email protected] ----- Past guests include Ed Thorp, Richard Thaler, Jeremy Grantham, Joel Greenblatt, Campbell Harvey, Ivy Zelman, Kathryn Kaminski, Jason Calacanis, Whitney Baker, Aswath Damodaran, Howard Marks, Tom Barton, and many more.  ----- Meb's invested in some awesome startups that have passed along discounts to our listeners. Check them out here!  ----- Editing and post-production work for this episode was provided by The Podcast Consultant (https://thepodcastconsultant.com).

Key Insights

  • Iben argues that money supply has increased 111 times and debt 135 times since his birth, causing the dollar to lose over 99% of its value, which means scarce non-printable assets should appreciate significantly over time but remain dramatically underowned by investors.
  • He identifies a specific analytical inefficiency in commodities: investors apply discounted cash flow models that assume commodity prices drop annually while fixing them to the dollar, the opposite of how all other industries are valued, creating persistent mispricings.
  • Iben claims the U.S. stock market trades at the most extreme valuations on record, higher than 1999, with the U.S. representing two-thirds of global market capitalization despite representing only one-fifth of the global economy—a mathematical mismatch he believes history will correct.
  • He contends that bubbles always form around genuinely transformative technologies and industries (railroads, telecom, semiconductors, the internet) because investors only deploy capital into things they believe are real; bubbles don't form around perceived fads.
  • Iben argues that his two-month research trip to Brazil revealed zero bullish stock market investors despite the country possessing world-class farmland, oil reserves, and minerals—a contrarian indicator suggesting extreme pessimism and opportunity.
  • He states that when money is printed, it flows through the system unevenly following Richard Cantillon's 300-year-old theory: people near the money source get rich first, while scarce goods like metals, energy, and farmland eventually catch up, creating free optionality for early buyers.
  • Iben claims that South Korea—classified as an emerging market by most indices—trades at book value discounts for quality companies like Hyundai and LG while possessing infrastructure and management quality equivalent to developed markets, representing a classification inefficiency.
  • He argues that AI, while genuinely transformative, currently reflects valuations requiring perpetually massive profits from companies years away from profitability, and that outsourcing investment thinking to AI would be catastrophic since AI cannot perform second and third-level thinking required for sound analysis.

Topics

Value investing philosophy and global opportunity identificationCommodity underallocation and market mispricing of natural resourcesU.S. market valuation extremes compared to historical bubblesEmerging market opportunities in South Korea, Brazil, Kazakhstan, and IndonesiaCurrency depreciation and the long-term case for scarce assetsPortfolio construction through asymmetric risk-reward positioningAI and technology bubbles versus fundamental business qualityEmotional crowd behavior driving market mispricings

Transcript

Since I was born, I think the money supply has gone up 111 times and the debt's gone up, I think, 135 times, i.e. the dollar's lost more than 99% of its value. And every one of them was a bubble because bubbles always happen around the real deal. I like the saying, if we're all playing poker and we look around the table and see who the sucker is and we can't figure it out, we're probably the sucker. table and see who the sucker is. And they can't figure it out. We're probably the sucker. Two months in Brazil, the number of people I met that were bullish on their stock market, zero, zero. So I was right…

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