Brain rot is costing us democracy. Here's how to get it back. | Damita Pressl | TEDxTUWien

Damita Pressl, a journalist, begins by sharing anecdotes from cab drivers who demonstrate widespread misinformation, from believing dictators can't raise polite daughters to sharing digitally altered videos. She argues this isn't an isolated problem but reflects a broader crisis where everyone increasingly lives in their own oversimplified reality. More than half of Americans under 35 now get news primarily from social media - not the slower-paced platforms of 2010, but today's algorithm-driven, video-first platforms designed to maximize engagement through emotional content, particularly anger and fear. This consumption pattern is measurably damaging our cognitive abilities, with EEG evidence showing reduced self-control and executive function, declining attention spans, and dropping reading and math scores over the past decade. Political polarization compounds this problem, making people across the political spectrum worse at mathematical tasks and less rational when thinking in tribal terms. The implications for democracy are severe: democratic representation dropped from 51% of humanity in 2004 to 28% today. Democracy requires citizens to share a somewhat accurate understanding of reality and engage in effective public discourse, both of which are being undermined. While causation is difficult to prove, a 2022 review of 500 studies suggests digital media use likely increases polarization and populism, damaging democratic institutions. Pressl argues we're training ourselves to avoid complexity, making us vulnerable to populist promises of simple 'us versus them' solutions. She offers three recommendations: understand that information integrity no longer exists and anyone can publish anything; be intentional with attention by curating information diets, prioritizing long-form text content, and using social media like a library rather than letting algorithms dictate consumption; and actively look for what you're missing by questioning your own side, being suspicious of certainty, and trying to change your mind about something each year.